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Homer the name traditionally attributed to the renowned author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two great epics of Greek antiquity. Nothing is known about Homer as an individual. In fact, the question of whether a person can be responsible for the creation of the two epics is still controversial. However, linguistic and historical data suggests that the poems were composed in the Greek colonies on the west coast of Asia Minor during the ninth century BC.

Electra was the daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, the king and queen of Mycenae. When Elektra’s father came home from the Trojan War, his mother, Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus killed. They also killed Cassandra, a concubine of Agamemnon and the Trojan War

Antigone in ancient Greece, Antigone is mostly linked to the myth that told of ancient greek playwright Sophocles, although it refers to different Antigone in the ancient greek world. Antigone was the daughter of the king of Thebes, Oedipus and Jocasta. It tells the story, Oedipus, the son of Laius and Jocasta killed his father Laius and became king of Thebes. Oedipus unknowingly married his mother Jocasta and had children with her.

Jason is a history of ancient Greek myth, a story that is passed from generation to generation. About a hero who went on a journey in search of the Golden Fleece so that he could help his father regain his kingdom of King Pelias. Aeson Jason’s father was king of Lolcus Alcimed and mother. Aeson half brother Pelias was eager for the throne of Lolcus while in battle, took the power Aeson and became king. Aeson Pelias and shared a common mother, Tyro. She was the daughter of Salmoneus and the sea god Poseidon. Pelias, to ensure that no family could challenge Aeson killed his family. Alcimed but saved her baby, Jason. To avoid your baby Alcimed said Chiron, who became his guardian.

Chaos – in an ancient Greek myth of creation, the dark, silent abyss from which all things were made. According to the Theogony of Hesiod, Chaos generated the solid Earth, from which emerged starry, cloud filled the sky. Mother Earth and Father Sky, embodied respectively Gaea and Uranus his descendants were the Titans parents. In a later theory, Chaos is the formless matter from which the cosmos, or harmonious order, was created.

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Gaea – She was the mother and wife of Father Heaven, Uranus. They were the parents of the creatures first, the Titans, the Cyclopes and the Giants – Hecatonchires (Hundred – headers). Uranus hated the monsters, and even if they were his children, locked them in a secret location on the ground. Gaea was enraged at this favoritism and persuaded their son Cronos to overthrow his father. The castrated Uranus, and his blood Gaea gave birth to the Giants, and the three avenging goddesses the Erinyes. Their children more and more terrible was Typhon, a monster of 100 head, which, though defeated by the god Zeus, was believed to Etna volcano spewing lava.

Tartarus - The lowest region of the underworld. Hesiod claimed that a brazen anvil would take several days and nights to fall from heaven to earth, and nine days and nights to fall from earth to Tartarus. Tartarus rose out of chaos and has been the destination of wicked souls. Uranus banished his children and Cyclops Hecatonchires in Tartarus, as Zeus also did to the Titans. Other famous inhabitants of Tartarus include Sisyphus, Ixion, Tantalus, Salmoneus, Tityus, Ophion and daughters of Danaus.

Eros – The god of love. It was considered a handsome and intense, attended by Pothos (“longing”) or Himeros (“desire”). Later mythology made him the constant agent of his mother, Aphrodite, goddess of love.

Erebus – Personification of the darkness of the underworld and the children of Chaos. . In later myth, Erebus is the dark region beneath the earth through the shadows that must go to Hades below. It is often used metaphorically for Hades itself.

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Uranus – Gaea – The personification of the sky, the sky god and husband of Gaia, the goddess land. . Their children are Hecatonchires, Cyclops and the Titans.

Hecatonchires – Three son of Uranus and Gaia. There were three of them: Briareus also called Aegaeon, Cottus and Gyges also called Gyges. They were gigantic and had fifty heads and one hundred arms each of great strength. They had 100 hands and helped Zeus in his war against the Titans.

Cronus – Rhea – Cronus was a ruler of the universe during the Golden Age. It was one of the 12 Titans and the youngest son of Uranus and Gaia, Cronus and his sister-queen, Rhea, became the parents of 6 of the 12 gods and goddesses known as the Olympians. Cronus had been warned that he would be overthrown by one of his own children. To avoid this, he swallowed his first five children when they were born. Rhea did not like it. She substituted a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes for their sixth child, Zeus. It was hidden in Crete, and as he grew older, he returned and forced Cronos to return all the other children who grew up within him. Zeus and his brothers and sisters have waged war against Cronos and the Titans. Zeus won, and the Titans were imprisoned in Tartarus, a cave in the deepest part of the underworld.

Coeus – Phoebe – Coeus was a titan of Intelligence, the father of Leto, husband of Phoebe

Oceanus – Tethys – the personification of the vast ocean. With his wife Tethys, they produced the rivers and six thousand children Oceanides called. He ruled over the ocean, a great river encircling the earth, which we thought was a flat circle. The nymphs of this great river, Oceanides, their daughters, and the gods of all the rivers on earth were their son.

Hestia – Virgin goddess of hearth. It was symbolic of the house around which a newborn was carried out before being received into the family. Even if it appears in very few myths, most cities have a common home where her sacred fire burned.

Hades – He was the lord of the underworld, ruler of the dead. He is a greedy god is very concerned about increasing his subjects. Those whose calling increase the number of dead were seen favorably by him. He was also the god of wealth because of the precious metals mined from the earth. His wife was Persephone that Hades abducted. The underworld itself was often called Hades. It was divided into two regions: Erebus, where the dead once they die, and Tartarus, the deeper region where the Titans were imprisoned. It was a dark and miserable, inhabited by vague forms and shadows and guarded by Cerberus, the three heads of families, dog dragon’s tail. Sinister rivers separated the underworld from the world and the old ferryman Charon transported the souls of the dead in these waters.

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Poseidon – god of the sea. Trident is a weapon that could shake the earth and destroy any object. He was second only to Zeus in power amongst the gods. Beneath the ocean, was a brilliant golden palace. Poseidon was the husband of a Nereid Amphitrite, with whom he had a son, Triton. Poseidon had numerous other love stories. At one point, he wanted to Demeter. You can put it to Demeter asked him to make the animal more beautiful than the world had ever seen. To impress her, Poseidon created the first horse. In some accounts his first attempts were unsucessful and created a number of other animals in his research. At a time when the horse was created his passion for Demeter had cooled.

Zeus – Hera – The god of heaven and ruler of the Olympian gods. He displaced his father and became chief of the gods of Olympus. Zeus was considered the father of gods and mortals. That does not create gods or death, he was her father in the sense of being the protector and ruler both of the Olympic family and the human race. His weapon was a thunderbolt. His breastplate was the aegis, his bird the eagle, his tree the oak. He was married to Hera, but is famous for his many affairs, which led to many kids know and probably many more that are not known to be. Athena was his favorite child. He wore only his head. One of the biggest festivals of Zeus was the Olympics. They were held in Olympia every four years. Even if there was a war between the city states of Greece were to stop the war to take part in this game.

Hera’s marriage was founded in conflict with Zeus and continued in the war. Writers represented Hera as always jealous of Zeus’s many lovers. It punishes rivals and their children, among both goddesses and mortals, with implacable fury. The peacock (symbol of pride, a carriage pulled by peacocks) and cow (which was also known as Bopis, which means “cow-eyed”, which was later translated as “with big eyes” were her sacred animals . Her favorite city is Argos.

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Demeter – Zeus – Goddess of maize and yield. He has taught man the art of plowing and sowing, so that they can end their nomadic existence. He was serious, beautiful hair almost relieved. that was as beautiful as the corn ripens. Poseidon his field, but Demeter refused to own him. To escape he fled to Arkadia, assuming the latter form of the mare, she mingled with herds of King Oncus. Poseidon, however, was able to see him, became a stallion and became her mother’s horse Arion.

When her daughter Persephone was abducted by Hades, god of the underworld, Demeter’s grief was so great that she neglected the land, the plants grew, and famine devastated the land. Appalled by this situation, Zeus, demanded that his brother Hades return Persephone to her mother. Hades agreed, but before he released the girl, made her eat some pomegranate seeds that requiring it to return with him for four months a year. In his joy at being reunited with her daughter, Demeter caused the earth to produce bright spring flowers and abundant fruit and grain for harvest. However, her pain returned each fall when Persephone had to go to hell. The bleakness of winter and death of vegetation is considered as the annual event of the pain of Demeter when her daughter was wearing. Demeter and Persephone were worshiped in the rites of the Mysteries of Eleusis.

Persephone - Persephone was Queen of the Underworld and the daughter of Demeter. Persephone is the goddess of the underworld in Greek mythology. She is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter, goddess of the harvest. Persephone was a beautiful girl that everyone loved him, even Hades wanted her for himself. Although Zeus gave his consent, Demeter was unwilling. Hades, therefore, grabbed the girl while she was picking flowers and carried him out of his kingdom. Persephone was the personification of the recovery of habitat in the spring. His attributes in iconography can be a torch, crown, scepter, and the stalks of wheat.

Leto – Zeus – The mother of Artemis, the goddess of the bow and hunting. He was loved by the god Zeus who, fearing the jealousy of his wife, Hera, banished Leto when she was about to give your child. All countries and islands were also afraid of Hera’s wrath and refused the desperate Leto a home where the child could be born. Finally, in his wanderings, he stepped on a small island floating in the Aegean Sea, which was called Delos.

Iapetus – The son of  Uranus and Gaia. The wife of Iapetus was Clymene.

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Athena – or Pallas Athena is one of the most important goddesses in Greek mythology. Goddess of wisdom, war, art, industry, justice and skill. Athena ran an adult and armored from the forehead and Zeus and was his favorite. It’s been a proud and brave in battle, but fights only to protect the state and home from outside enemies. She was the goddess of the city, handicrafts and agriculture. She invented the bridle, which makes a man to tame horses, trumpet, flute, the pot, the rake, the plow, the yoke, the ship, and floats. His attributes in iconography are the aegis (fringed cloak, sometimes decorated with a Gorgon’s head), a helmet and a spear.

Ares - God of War. He was very aggressive. He was unpopular with the gods and humans. Ares was not invincible, even against mortals. He personified the brutal nature of war. He was immortal, but every time he gets hurt, he would go to his father, Zeus and was healed. Ares was worshiped mainly in Thrace.

Hebe - goddess of youth. She, along with Ganymede was the cupbearer of the gods, serving their nectar and ambrosia. It also prepared the bath Ares and helped Hera to her chariot. Hebe was the wife of  Hercules.

Hephaestus - god of fire and metal. He was born lame and weak, and shortly after his birth, was thrown out of Olympus. In most legends, but was honored again as soon as the Olympus, and was married to Aphrodite, the goddess of love, and Aglaia, one of three feet. His laboratory was believed buried under Mount Etna in Sicily. He has done great things and the gods, including the twelve golden thrones, weapons and treasures of the gods.

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Apollo – Apollo was primarily a god of prophecy. Sometimes it was given the gift of prophecy to mortals whom he loved, as the Trojan princess Cassandra. As a prophet and a magician, who is the patron of medicine and healing. He was a talented musician who delighted the gods with his performance on the lyre. He was also a master archer and a fast athlete, credited with being the first winner in the Olympics. Her twin sister was Artemis. He was famous for his oracle at Delphi. People traveled to it from anywhere in the Greek world to divine the future. He was also the god of agriculture and livestock, and light and truth.

Artemis – Artemis was the goddess of hunting and animals, as well as delivery. His twin brother Apollo. As the goddess of the moon, sometimes identified with the goddesses Selene and Hecate.Her attributes are the bow and arrow, while dogs, deer and goose are her sacred animals. Her temple at Ephesus was more complex.

Atlas – Son of the Titan Iapetus and the nymph Clymene, and brother of Prometheus. Atlas fought with the Titans in the war against the gods of Olympus. Atlas took by assault the heavens and Zeus punished him for this fact by condemning him to forever bear the earth and the sky on his shoulders. He was the father of the Hesperides, the nymphs who guarded the tree of golden apples, and Heracles (Hercules).

Prometheus - Prometheus was the wisest Titan, known as the friend and benefactor humanity.He stole the sacred fire from Zeus and the gods. He also deceived the gods, they should get more parts of any animal sacrificed to them, and people better. Zeus ordered Prometheus chained be for eternity in the Caucasus. It would be an eagle eating his liver every day and the liver would be renewed. So the punishment was endless, until Heracles finally killed the bird.

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Epimetheus - Epimetheus was a Titan, whose name means “afterthought”.  In some accounts, he was transferred with his brother Prometheus by Zeus to create mankind. He foolishly ignored his brother Prometheus’ warnings to be wary of all the gifts of Zeus. He accepted Pandora as his wife, bringing the aches and pains in the world.

Maia – Zeus – Maia was the daughter of Atlas. She was one of the lovers of Zeus. She and Zeus was the mother of Hermes.

Dione - Zeus – The goddess Dione titánide or Zeus became the mother of Aphrodite.

Hermes – Hermes’s main role was as a messenger. As a special civil servant and messenger of Zeus, Hermes had winged sandals and a winged hat and bore a golden caduceus or magic wand, entwined with snakes and surmounted by wings. He led the souls of the dead to the underworld and was believed to possess magical powers over sleep and dreams. Five minutes after he was born, he stole a herd of cows from Apollo. He invented the lyre from a cow’s internal fibers. After Apollo learned what happened, he knew that his half-brother would he one of the Pantheon. Hermes was the patron of trickster and thieves because of his actions early in life. His attributes in iconography include kerykeion (personal messenger), winged boots, and petassos (CAP).

Aphrodite – Goddess of love and beauty. Aphrodite loved and was loved by many gods and mortals. Among her mortal lovers, the most famous was perhaps Adonis. Some of her sons are Eros, Anteros, Hymenaios and Aeneas (the Trojan lover Anchises). Perhaps the most famous legend of Aphrodite in the Trojan War, in September. She was the wife of Hephaestus. Myrtle was her tree. Dove, swan, and sparrow were her birds.

Zeus - First the Greek pantheon of gods are known to close the top of Olympus, a generation previous gods called Titans, to be held. The ruler of the angels Cronus was the son of Gaia (Mother Earth). Chrono mother had told him he had stolen one of his descendants, which would be extremely effective. Therefore, whenever the wife of Cronus, Rhea gave birth to a child, he swallowed the god of the newborn to prevent them from turning over his powers …

Read More articles and see the pictures about greek gods and greek goddesses:

• Greek Gods
• Greek Myth
• Ancient Greece
• Zeus Greek God
• Titans
• Historical Greek
• Wanderings of Dionysus
• Zeus Pictures
• Pictures of Aphrodite
• History of Greek Goods
• Greek Goddesses
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• Greek Gods: Zeus – King of the Gods
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• Greek Gods, Mythology
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• Aphrodite: Goddesses of Love and Beauty
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Dionysus, the greek god of fertility, wine and ecstasy, was popular in much of the ancient world. Rome was known as Bacchus. A complex deity, Dionysus was the two very different roles in Greek mythology. As the god of fertility, was closely tied to crop harvest and the changing seasons. As the god of wine and ecstasy, he joined drunkenness, madness and unbridled sexuality. The nature of production, life-giving hand, and the brutal, destructive side.

History and background. Dionysus did not start like a Greek god. His cult had its roots in Thrace (northern Greece), Phrygia (now Turkey), or possibly on the island of Crete. Many Greek cities initially rejected the cult of Dionysus because of his foreign origin and their rituals wild drunk. When the cult came to Rome, the faithful celebrated the feast in secret. However, both Greece and Rome, the cult of Dionysus end of the resistance and has won many followers.

The most common myth about the origins of Dionysus said he was the son of Zeus and Semele *, daughter of the founder of Thebes. jealous wife of Zeus, Hera, wanted to know the identity of the father of the child. She disguises herself as an old nurse of Semele and went to Semele. When Semele told him that the father was Zeus, Hera challenged to prove his claim that Zeus appears in all its glory. Semele did. But because Zeus was the god of lightning, his power was too much for one man to carry. Semele was turned into ashes.

Before Semele died, Zeus, Dionysus, pulled out of the womb. Then he opened his thigh, Zeus set the extension unborn child. A few months later, she opened her thighs, and Dionysus was born. Child was Semele’s sister Ino, who played a girl disguised to protect her from Hera. As punishment for helping Dionysus Hera drove Ino and her husband crazy.

Some legends say that Hera has also led Dionysus mad. Then Dionysus wandered the world accompanied by her teacher, Silenus, bands of satyrs, and his disciples women who were known as maenads. When Dionysus went to Egypt, he introduced the cultivation of grapes and the art of winemaking. When he visited Libya, he established an oracle in the desert. He also traveled to India, by winning all his opponents and laws, cities and wine country on the way back to Greece, he met his grandmother, the earth goddess Cybele. She has recovered from his madness and taught him the mysteries of life and resurrection.

This story has three themes running through the legend of Dionysus. A theme is the hostility that Dionysus and his face both worship Hera and from residents of the places he visits. The second is an association of Dionysus with madness. The third is the idea of ​​death and rebirth, an important part of the identity of Dionysus as the god of harvest and fertility.

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Dionysus influence on fertility extended beyond crops to animals and humans. This power allowed him to Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and fertility, was known to the Romans as Bacchus. This painting, completed by Caravaggio in the late 1590s, shows the young god crowned with vine leaves.

Symbol of the creative forces, the forces of nature. Women have come to worship because of its association with the responsibilities of women of childbearing age and harvest. According to tradition, these women leave their families and travel the country to participate in festivals of Dionysus, known as Bacchanalia in Rome. They wore animal skins and sticks called thyrsi made of fennel stalks attached to the vine and ivy. The thyrsi were symbols of fertility and reproduction and drink also.

In the festival will Dionysia Maenads trance, dance, the rhythm of drums and waving thyrsi. Sometimes go crazy, they had supernatural powers. It was said that Maenads could destroy animals and even humans, with their bare hands.

In one myth, Dionysus visited Thebes disguised as a young man and caused women to fall under its power. He drove to a hill outside the city, where they took part in its rituals. Pentheus, king of Thebes, Dionysus was furious and imprisoned. Miraculously, the chains fell off and opened the jail cell by himself. Dionysus tells Pentheus by wild parties, he would see if it is disguised as a woman and went to the mountain. The king, dressed as a woman hiding in a tree to see Denise. However, having seen women in their folly, passed for a puma. They killed him, tearing off part of the joint.

The wine and madness. Drunkenness and madness are the items that appear in most stories of Dionysus. In one story, Dionysus was disguised as a boy and drunk on an island near Greece. Some hackers had found and promised to take him to Naxos, Dionysus said that was his home. However, hackers have decided to sell the child to slavery. One of them, AcOEt, opposed the plan. When the pirates turned the ship away from Naxos, the wind died down. Suddenly, a tangle of vines covered the boat. The oars turned into snakes, bunches of grapes grown in the head of Dionysus, and wild animals came and played at his feet. Driven to madness, pirates jumped overboard. AcOEt just saved. He sailed the boat to Naxos, where Dionysus made a priest of the cult. Naxos Dionysius was also met with the princess Ariadne, who became his wife.

One of the most famous stories of Dionysus, the King Midas and the golden touch. Dionysus, a teacher, Silenus was used to get drunk and forget where he was. One day, after drinking, Silenus Midas was lost on the road in the kingdom. He fell in the jacuzzi and would have drowned had saved him from Midas. As a reward, Dionysus granted Midas what he wanted. Midas asked that whatever he touched turn gold. When you want to Midas was granted, however, noted that all his food turned to gold, and he could not eat. Then, when he embraced his daughter, turned to gold as well. Dionysos removed Midas golden touch after the king had learned the price of his greed.

The death and resurrection of God. Because crops wither in winter and spring, Dionysus was considered a symbol of death and resurrection. In another story of his birth, Dionysus was the son of Zeus and Demeter, the goddess of crops and vegetation. Hera was jealous of the child and convinced the Titans to kill him. Although Dionysus was dressed as a goat, the Titans found him, grabbed him and broke into pieces. They ate everything except her heart, which was rescued by Athena *. She has the heart to Zeus, who gave to Semele to eat. Semele gave birth to Dionysus again. The story represents the earth (Demeter) and heaven (Zeus) gave birth to the cultures (Dionisio), who die every winter and is reborn again in the spring.

Apollo and Dionysus

In his analysis of ancient Greece, the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche used the terms Dionysian and Apollonian to describe the two sides of human nature. Dionysian-sensual desires and irrational impulses, are named after Dionysius. The term refers to the Apollonian rational human behavior associated with the god Apollo *. Interestingly, these two gods, with their very different natures, in fact shared a sanctuary of Delphi. Dionysus had the gift of prophecy, and the priests of Delphi as well as his honor honor of Apollo.

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