turkey political map,turkey world map,turkey physical map,turkey road map,turkey map istanbul

Turkey Road Map

Turkey comes with a extensive community of well-maintained roads backlinks its towns, urban centers,and medical tourist areas. When arriving from Europe, the Bosphorus bridging to Asia may be greatly facilitated through the completion of the Istanbul bypass, and the 2 Bosphorus (Bogazici) bridges which lead to the Istanbul – Ankara Expressway. The E80 and E90 include the two main roads resulting in Turkey from European borders, they also link the Iranian and Iraqi borders. These expressways have been completely constructed in keeping with Asian and Middle East International road network standards.

Turkey Political Map

The main city city of Turkey is Ankara. The territory of Turkey is subdivided into 81 provinces for administrative purposes. The provinces are organized into 7 regions for census purposes; however, they can’t represent an administrative structure. Each province is divided into districts, to get a total of 923 district.

Provinces normally bear the very same name his or her provincial capitals, otherwise known as the central district; exceptions to the present custom are the provinces of Hatay (capital: Antakya), Kocaeli (capital: İzmit) and Sakarya (capital: Adapazarı). Provinces considering the largest populations are Istanbul (13 million), Ankara (5 million), İzmir (4 million), Bursa (3 million) and Adana (2 million).

The largest city and the pre-Republican capital Istanbul stands out as the financial, economic and cultural heart of the country. Approximately 75.5% of Turkey’s population live in towns. In all, 19 provinces have populations that exceed 1 million inhabitants, and 20 provinces have populations between 1 million and 500,000 inhabitants. Only two provinces have populations less than 100,000.

Turkey Geographical Map – Topographic Map

Turkey’s hauteur is structurally advanced. A central massif made from uplifted blocks and downfolded troughs, covered by recent deposits and giving the appearance of a plateau with rough terrain, is wedged between two folded mountain ranges that converge in the east. True lowland is confined to the Ergene Plain in Thrace, extending along rivers that discharge into the Aegean Sea or the Sea of Marmara, and to a few narrow coastal strips over the Black Sea and Mediterranean And Beyond coasts. Nearly 85 percent of the land is at an elevation with a minimum of 450 meters; the median altitude of the country is 1,128 meters. In Anatolia (Asiatic Turkey), flat or gently sloping land is rare and largely confined to the deltas on the Kizilirmak River, the coastal plains of Antalya and Adana, and the valley floors of the Gediz River and the Büyükmenderes River, and some interior high plains in Anatolia, mainly around Tuz Gölü (Salt Lake) and Konya Ovasi (Konya Basin). Moderately sloping terrain is limited almost entirely outside Thrace to the hills of the Arabian Platform along the border with Syria.

Coal and oil Pipelines

Turkey’s proper location causes it to be a natural “energy bridge” between major oil producing areas in the Middle East and Caspian Sea regions on the one hand, and consumer markets in Europe on the other. Turkey’s port of Ceyhan is an important outlet both for current Iraqi oil exports as well as Caspian oil exports. Turkey’s Bosporus Straits are a major shipping “choke point” between your Black and Mediterranean Seas. Finally, Turkey is a rapidly growing energy consumer on its own.

Turkey Train Maps

Turkey incorporates a well-developed, state-owned railway system built to standard gauge which falls under the remit of the Ministry of Transport and Communication. The main rail carrier is the Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları (TCDD) (Turkish State Railways) that is accountable for all long-distance and cross-border freight and traveler trains. A number of other companies operate suburban traveler trains in urban conurbations.

Native railway industry extends to producing locomotives, passenger vehicles and freight wagons; some vehicles are also produced through licensing agreements and cooperation with foreign countries.

In the first twenty-first century, major infrastructural projects were initiated; such as the construction of a high-speed railway network in addition to a tunnel under the Bosphorus strait which will connect Europe and Anatolia by rail for the first time.

As of 2008, there were 8,699 km of main railway lines in Turkey, of which 5% are double tracked, 28% are electrified and 25% are signalled; there are also 2,306 km of sidings.

Over 700 tunnels exist, with a total amount of 181 km; most (~76%) they are under 1 km long in support of one of these has a length of over 4 km. 1,316 steel bridges (average length 22 m) and also over 10,000 concrete bridges (average length 2.9 m) exist.

In 2008, there were 64 electric locomotives and 549 diesel engines in Turkey, with availabilities of 81 and 84 percent, respectively. Additionally, 50 steam locomotives exist, which 2 are saved in active order. In addition to the 83 EMUs and 44 DMUs for passenger transport, there were 995 coaches in Turkey (830 which were in working order.) Over 17,000 wagons of various types from the remaining fleet.

Constantinople and it is walls throughout the Byzantine era

In the Roman period, the town was founded the very first time in A.D.195 by the Emperor Septimus Severus (193-211) and called Nea Roma or Antoninia. Istanbul was rebuilt through the Emperor Constantinus I, The Great (307-337) between the many years of AD. 313-337 and named Constantinopolis after his name. Today, the city is called Istanbul.

Pressured Migration and Mortality in the Ottoman Empire

From 1790 to 1923 more than seven million persons were forced from their homes in the Balkans, the Caucasus and Anatolia. At the same time, another 6 000 0000 were counted one of the dead, and many more dead were never counted. It was among the worst human disasters in history, but is little known today. Once the suffering of times has been described, all too oen only dispossessed and dead Christians happen to be considered. Yet the greatest mortality and exile were felt by Muslim peoples-Turks, Circassians, Kurds, and others. All shared in the suffering in that terrible time. Prepared by Justin McCarthy, Professor of History at the University of Louisville, the map is a powerful visual tool for the historian and the casual viewer who seeks better to understand the cataclysm that effected so many millions, Muslim and Christian alike, during the final years of the Ottoman Empire.

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ephesus history, ephesus map, church of ephesus, ephesus bible, ephesus tours, ephesus turkey map, selcuk turkey, map of turkey, izmir turkey, kusadasi turkey, kusadasi ephesus turkey

The ancient city of Ephesus (Turkish: Efes), located near the Aegean Sea in modern day Turkey, was one of the great cities of the Greeks in Asia Minor and home to the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Today, the ruins of Ephesus are a major tourist attraction, especially for travelers on Mediterranean cruises. Ephesus is also a sacred site for Christians due to its association with several biblical figures, including St. Paul, St. John the Evangelist and the Virgin Mary. The religious history of ancient Ephesus was the subject of the webmaster’s thesis at Oxford (completed in June 2007), so this section is even more comprehensive than most – including the most detailed map of Ephesus on-line! Excerpts from the thesis are included among the background articles in this city guide – see the menu at left.

Ephesus is discovered in Selcuk, Izmir in western Turkey.Kusadasi is 19 km. far-off from Ephesus and Pamucak beach is 5 kilometres far-off from Ephesus.

The first site of Ancient Ephesus was most likely established around the Aegean coast, on the shores of that sea which is today located 8 km. away from the archaeological excavations.

Over the centuries, in fact, the rubble brought on to the plain of the “Kucuk Menderes” has enlarged the alluvial plain surrounding the historical zone, abandoning in fact the shores of the Aegean. In Roman times it absolutely was found on the northern slopes of the hills Coressus and Pion and south of the Cayster (Kucuk Menderes) River, the silt from which has since formed a fertile plain but is mainly responsible for the coastline to move ever farther west. In Roman times a sea channel was maintained with difficulty to a harbor well west of Pion. By late Byzantine times this channel had become useless, and the coast by the mid-20th century was three miles farther west.

Ephesus (Efes) is towards the town of Selcuk around an hour drive south of Izmir. Kusadasi will be the closest larger town, about 20km from Ephesus.

Site:

Ephesus was constructed on a river bend, that was eventually dredged right full harbor near the mount of the Cayster River, on the western coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey). Along the coastal plain between Smyrna to the north and Miletus to the south, the positioning has become about six miles on the Aegean Sea. The town shifted in five distinct locations over time, each within a small area. The Apostles Paul and John were informed about the location that scholars have dubbed “Ephesus III” the largest (in area) of the five.

Areas where Ephesus situated on the following:

Ephesus I: Aya Suluk (St. John Area);
Ephesus II: Artemission area;
Ephesus III: Port of St. Paul: base of Mount Koressos;
Ephesus IV: north of Aya Suluk;
Ephesus V: Selcuk area.

Due to the man-made harbor structure and also the flow of the river, a backwash flow caused the harbor to frequently silt up (by 449 BCE we already read of problems documented about the silting. Later, Eusebius records that Ephesus honoured Emperor Hadrian for dredging and making navigable the harbor). When cleared, Ephesus was in a location that justified a great seaport. The city sat at the convergence of three land routes which includes a shipping lane on the north via the channel created by the Island of Chios and an opening facing the cities of Macedonia.

The land routes that incorporated on Ephesus included:

1) The Colossae / Laodicea road (traveling east),
2) The road to Sardis and Galatia (northeast), and
3) The Smyrna (north) main road.

Population:

Some scholars estimate how many people living at Ephesus to obtain exceeded 250,000 inhabitants during Ephesus III, which would make it maybe the fourth largest of their day behind:

1) Rome;
2) Alexandria; and
3)An Antioch. This massive a town was a fiscal stronghold in Asia Minor, and justified the title supreme metropolis of Asia though it comes with an evidence that its overall financial standing might have been slowly and gradually declining.

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