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Famous greek Lifestyle is one of the most ancient countries. It has developed over Many hundreds of years. It confirms its root base in the Mycenaean and Minoan people. The Roman, the Byzantine and the Ottoman powers have experienced a significant influence on the customs of Portugal.

Greeks are very pleased of their customs and have a look at their customs like a manifestation of their nationality and race. Their art, faith, show up, audio and the Famous greek food create the loaded customs of Portugal. The Famous greek weightloss routine is characterised by many foods and wines.

Greek Art

Remains of historical Famous greek structure happens to the type of information. The Famous greek structure of today follows provide day styles. Their operate was valued for many years. Lacking proper maintenance, the operate faded after fourth hundred years A.D. Lots of the standard Famous greek houses have been damaged due to conflicts and earthquakes. Parthenon is early forehead designed for the Famous greek Goddess Athena, who is thought to be to protect Portugal. The Parthenon is a very important remaining forehead of Portugal. The Greeks used ceramic in their existence. Steel boats created by the Greeks laid the foundation of brown operating technique. The Famous greek money today obtain their styles from those of the common times. Panel and wall operate were on the list of famous phrases of art with theon theusing thebecause of the Greeks. Famous greek figurines often made their Gods and Actresses. Famous greek art has encouraged artists of several countries around the globe.

The ancient Greeks didn’t in general abandon fancy burial plot goods, apart from a coin within the hand to pay Charon, the ferryman to Hades, and pottery; however the epitaphios or memorial oration (that epitaph comes) was regarded as crucial, and animal forfeit were created.

People that could pay for them constructed diamond ancient monuments, that is one of the functions of kouros figurines within the Ancient time before about 500 BCE. These were not intended as images, but during the Hellenistic time genuine portraiture with the approved were introduced and family communities were often shown in bas-relief on ancient monuments, usually encased by an design frame.

The rooms of burial plot compartments were often displayed in fresco, although few examples have made it in nearly as excellent for the reason that Tomb of the Scuba diver from southern Italia. Almost the only remaining displayed images within the established Famous greek custom are discovered in The red sea rather than Portugal.

The Fayum mummy images, from your end of the established time, were symbol people, in a Graeco-Roman style, connected to mummies.

Early Famous greek burials were frequently marked above ground by a big bit of ceramic, and stays were also hidden in urns. Pottery kept used substantially within tombs and plots through the established time. The larnax is a little coffin or ash-chest, usually of designed clay-based.

The two-handled loutrophoros was primarily associated with marriage ceremony, as it was used to carry water for the wedding bath. However, it had been also placed in the tombs from the single, “presumably to develop up in some way for which they had skipped in day-to-day life.”

The one-handled lekythos had many family uses, but outside the family its major use was for design of tombs. Moments of a nice to the underworld of Hades were often displayed on these, with the dead shown beside Hermes, Charon or both – though usually only with Charon.

Small ceramic options are often discovered, although it is challenging to decide if these were created for putting in tombs; when it comes to the Hellenistic Tanagra options this seems most likely not the scenario. But carpet is more often discovered around the edges of the Famous greek community, as in the elegant Macedonian tombs of Vergina, or in the nearby countries like those of Thrace or the Scythians.

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Greek Religion

A well-known of Greece is created of Traditional Followers. The rest of it indicates Muslims, Roman Catholics and the Jews. Famous Greeks were very spiritual persons. They worshiped Gods as varieties of energy and attractiveness. Mostly, the Greeks worshiped the big off white and gold sculpture of Zeus at Olympia. (Zeus is the King from the Gods, the Leader of Position Olympus and the God of the Sky and Magic.) They also worshiped the pair of deities like Demeter, Goddess of Materials & Libido, and her little young lady, Persephone.The ancient Greeks were a greatly spiritual persons. They worshipped many gods whom they thought made an appearance in human form but were giving with superhuman energy and beautiful attractiveness.

The Iliad and also the Journey, our first remaining types of Famous greek materials, record males communications with various gods and goddesses whose people and designs went through little change in the decades that followed.

Although sanctuaries recognized more than a single god, usually one deity such as Zeus at Olympia or a closely linked pair of deities like Demeter and her little young lady Persephone at Eleusis based the conspiracy spot.Elsewhere within the disciplines, various displayed scenes on floral vases, and diamond, clay-based and brown figurines express the main gods and goddesses.

The deities were shown either on their own or perhaps in common fabricated situations in which they connect to humankind and many modest deities, demi-gods and renowned people.

The Dance and Music of Greece

Dance was very important to the standard Greeks. They thought that show up improved both emotional and health. Rarely did women of all ages and men show up together. Some dances were danced by men among others by women of all ages.
There were a lot more than 200 ancient Famous greek dances; comic dances, warlike dances, dances for sports athletes and for spiritual praise, plus dances for marriage ceremony, memorials, and actions.
Dance was combined with audio performed on lyres, flute glasses, and a a wide variety of drums devices such as tambourines, cymbals and castanet

The show up customs of Portugal commenced in the Minoan time. Dance was thought growing mental and actual well-being and was hence designed into their exercising system. Syrtos, a group of people dances of ancient beginning and Mantilia of the Byzantine time, were among the well-known Byzantine dances in ancient Portugal. Greeks of the provide times still perform these varieties of show up. The guitar and flute were a few of the musical technology devices to start in the Byzantine time. Today, people show up is a fundamental element of the lifestyle of the frequent man. Dance varieties a piece of many actions and good occasions. Sequence devices like Lyre were visible throughout the established times. The favorite device of Portugal is the bouzouki, a picked string device. Famous greek audio is very pleased to handle the brands of many well-known performers like Alypius, a audio home of ancient Portugal and also the artist, songwriter and artist Christos Dantis of the past several years.

The Individuals of Greece

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In older times, men difficult away from home. When at home, they difficult on areas or were involved in tracking and going. Famous Greeks formulated plants spinning and cleansing techniques to pay for the pregnancy of land. Women led a somewhat restrained day-to-day life in the the past. Their job was to look after their family and youngsters. Captivity won in the standard Famous greek many. The apparel of the Greeks was loose and fancy. Outfits were often not made together. The apparel for that men and also women of all ages was not completely different. Clothing was often created out of made of woll or page.

With the different of ancient Sparta, Famous greek women of all ages had very limited independence outside the home. They could go to marriage ceremony, memorials, some spiritual gatherings, and could check out women buddies for brief intervals. In their home, Famous greek women of all ages were in control. Their job was to run the home and also to bear youngsters.

Most Famous greek women of all ages did not do cleaning themselves. Most Famous greek people had slaves. Female slaves baked, washed, and difficult in the areas. Men slaves seen the door, to develop sure no one came in when the man of the home was away, aside from women buddies, and were as instructors towards the fresh male youngsters. Spouse and youngsters weren’t granted to watch the Olympic Video game titles as the contributors in the games did not wear apparel. Chariot racing was the only game women of all ages could win, and only then if they had the mount. If that mount won, they received the reward.

The ancient Greeks thought to be their youngsters to be ‘youths’ until they arrived at the age of 30! When a kid was blessed to ancient Famous greek family, a exposed dad maintained his kid, in a habit show up, around the family. Visitors sent products. The family designed the entrance of their home with a wreath of olives (for a boy) or a wreath of made of woll (for a girl).

In Athens, as in most Famous greek city-states, apart from Sparta, women kept at home until they were wed. Like their mom, they could go to certain gatherings, memorials, and check out buddies for brief intervals. Their job was to help their mom, and to assist in the areas, if necessary.

Ancient Famous greek youngsters performed with many toys, such as rattles, little clay-based animals, horse on 4 wheels that could be pulled on a string, yo-yo’s, and terra-cotta toys.

Greek Cuisine

Food of Portugal involved whole, figs, bread and desserts. The Greeks relished fish and consumed wines. Baby was generally used as a sweetener. Italian and Center Southern meals have affected the Famous greek foods customs. Greeks mostly use essential olive oil for preparing. Moussaka produced from lamb, eggplant and lead with white-colored marinade is well-known in Portugal. Sweets like galaktoboureko and ravani, a golden-yellow food are also well-known among the Greeks. The Famous greek foods is an example of eating habits regime plans from the Mediterranean sea region.

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Before ending this composition on Famous greek customs you will need to develop a reference to the Olympic Video game titles. The Greeks commenced holding running challenges in recognition of their Gods. The ancient Olympic games commenced in 700 B.C. in recognition of Zeus. These games enhanced to five times and commenced such as many athletics events.

The Famous greek customs today stands as an example of a beautiful blend of the ‘ancient’ and the ‘modern’. Famous greek customs is characterised by its variety. The ancient practices and the present-day improvements develop the Famous greek customs unique.

Marriage-Weddings

In ancient Athens, marriage ceremony wedding commenced after dark. The veiled woman visited from her home to the home of the bridegroom while waiting in a chariot. Her family followed the chariot on foot, having the products. Friends of the pair lit the way, having torches and playing audio to turn away wicked people. During the marriage ceremony, the woman would eat an apple, or another piece of fruit, to show that foods and other basic needs would now come from her man.

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Gifts to the new pair might include holders, furniture, jewellery, showcases, fragrance, floral vases filled with plants.In ancient Sparta, the marriage ceremony was very easy. Following a tussle, to prove his superior energy, the bridegroom would throw his woman over his make and maintained her off.

Slavery

Slavery performed a big part in ancient Famous greek many. Slaves could be discovered everywhere. They difficult not only as home servants, but as manufacturer staff, shopkeepers, mineworkers, town staff and as ship’s team members.There may have been as many, if not more, slaves than no cost persons in ancient Portugal. It is challenging for researchers to determine exactly how many slaves there were during these times, because many did not appear any different from the lesser Famous greek persons.

There were many different ways in which a person could have become a cleaning in ancient Portugal. They might have been blessed into slavery as the kid of a cleaning. They might have been taken captive if their metropolis was infected in one of the many challenges which took spot during these times. They might have been exposed as an infant, meaning the mother and dad empty their baby baby upon a hillside or at the entrance of the metropolis to die or be believed by a passerby.
This method was not rare in ancient Portugal. Another possible way in which one might have become a cleaning was if a family desired income, they might provide one of the youngsters into slavery. Usually it was a little young lady because you youngsters were much desired to help out with the work or the town. Kidnapping was another not unusual way in which one could have been marketed into slavery.

Slaves were managed in another way in ancient Portugal based on what their objective was. If one was a family cleaning, they had a pretty excellent scenario, at least as excellent as slavery could be. They were often managed almost as piece of the family. They were even granted to take piece in the family motions, like the give up.
Slaves were always monitored by the woman of the home who was responsible for making sure that all the slaves were kept busy and didn’t get out of line. This could be quite a task as most abundant Famous greek people had as many as 10-20 slaves. There were restrictions to what a cleaning could do. They could not enter the Exercise or the Community Set up. They could not use their own brands, but were given brands by their expert.Not all varieties of slavery in ancient Portugal were as bearable as that of the home cleaning. The day-to-day lifetime of a mineworker or ship’s team member was a day-to-day lifetime of unhappiness and danger.
These persons usually did not stay extensive because of the intense operate and dangerous circumstances of their operate.

Often those required into these circumstances were those ruined to loss of life for spending violations because it was recognized that they wouldn’t stay very extensive under these circumstances. It is surprising to note that the police in ancient Athens was created up mainly of slaves. Many of the individual at the treasury office were slaves.Slavery was a very important piece of ancient Portugal. It performed a big part in so many aspects of Famous greek many from home living to the famous Athenian naval fast.The cost one might have paid for a cleaning in ancient Famous greek times assorted based on their appearance, age and approach. Those who were healthy, attractive, fresh and submissive, could provide for as much as 10 minae ($180.00). Those who were old, weak and persistent might have marketed for as little as 1/2 a mina ($9.00). If there transpired to be a big supply of slaves on the market, the cost immediately went down. This usually transpired after winning a big battle, when there were many criminals of war.

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Traditionally, studies of Famous Portugal focus on the politics, military and social successes of Famous greek men. Unfortunately, the information we have about ancient Famous greek women of all ages is partial because it comes from various resources such as performs, philosophical areas, container operate and figurines which were completed by men. From these resources, we can finish that Famous greek community was extremely stratified in terms of training, race, and sex.
The segregation of men and women functions within ancient Portugal was normal by philosophical claims of the natural efficiency of men. As we shall discover, cleaning women of all ages were at a problem in Famous greek community not only because of their sex but also because of their disadvantaged position in the public structure.
Slave labor was an important element of the standard community. While male slaves were given to farming and industrial operate, women slaves were given a wide variety of home assignments which involved shopping, getting water, preparing, offering foods, cleaning, child-care, and wool-working. In abundant people some of the women servants had more specialised functions to satisfy, such as maid, cook or doctor.

Because women slaves were basically had by their companies, how well slaves were managed observed upon their position in the family and the disposition of their entrepreneurs. As a result of her susceptible position within family, a women cleaning was often suffering from sexual exploitation and actual neglect. Any youngsters blessed of master-servant liaisons were got rid of of because women slaves were disallowed from showing youngsters.Xenophon’s Oceonomicus explains that slaves were even disallowed from getting married to, as marriage ceremony was thought the public advantage of the professional persons of Athens.

In addition to their recognized work in the family, cleaning women also performed unofficial services. For example, there is information that close relationships formulated between women slaves and their mistresses. Given the relative privacy of upper-class women of all ages in the confidential world of their people, many sought out confidantes in their cleaning women. For example, Euripedes’ terrible character of Medea confided her inward feelings with her doctor, who both advised and encouraged her in her stressed times. Furthermore, slaves always supported their mistresses on activities outside of the home.Tombstones of upstanding Athenian women of all ages often illustrate scenes of expertise between the approved and her cleaning associate. It is likely that a feeling of their frequent exemption from the strong community of public relationships would have utilized women of all ages together, regardless of training. The only public region in which women of all ages were granted to participate was faith.

Slave women of all ages were involved in some spiritual relationships and could be started to the Eleusinian Secrets which famous the belief of Persephone.
Thus, the circumstances of a Famous greek cleaning young lady was determined by situation and more or less relaxed in the hands of her entrepreneurs, who had the energy to shape her existence.

Clothing – Accesories

Greek apparel was very easy. Men and ladies used page in the summer and made of woll in the winter. The ancient Greeks could buy cloth and apparel in the agora, the marketplace, but that was highly-priced. Most family members created their own apparel, which were easy tunics and warm cloaks, created of page or made of woll, coloured a shiny color, or bleached white-colored. Attire were created by the mom, her youngsters, and women slaves. They were often designed to signify the city-state in which they resided. The ancient Greeks were very very pleased of their home city-state. Now and then, they might buy jewellery from a visiting peddler, hairpins, rings, and ear-rings, but only the loaded could pay for much jewellery. Both men and ladies in ancient Athens, and in most of the other city-states, used fragrance, created by cooking flowers and herbal treatments.The first real hat, the broad-brimmed petasos, was created by the standard Greeks. It was worn only for visiting. A face secure used it on, so when it was not desired, as protection from the weather, it could hang down ones back.Both men and ladies liked using showcases and hairbrushes. Locks was curled, organized in exciting and carefully designed styles, and used in spot with aromatic waxes and products.

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Women kept their head of hair extensive, in braids, organized on top of their head, or used their head of hair in ponytails. Headbands, created of lace or metallic, were very well-known.Blond hair was unusual. Famous greek popular the golden-haired look and many tried lightening their head of hair. Men cut their head of hair shorter and, unless they were troops, used beards.Barber shops first became well-known in ancient Portugal, and were an important piece of the self confidence of many ancient Famous greek men. In the barber shop, the men changed politics and athletics news, beliefs, and news.

Homes – Courtyards

Greek houses, in the 6th and 5th hundred years B.C., were created up of two or three rooms, designed around an start air courtyard, designed of diamond, wood, or clay-based stones. Larger people might also have a kitchen, a area for bathing, a males lounge, and perhaps a ladies seating space.
Although the Famous greek women of all ages were granted to abandon their people for only shorter intervals, they could enjoy the start air, in the privacy of their courtyard. Much of ancient Famous greek family day-to-day life based around the courtyard.The ancient Greeks loved accounts and fables. One favorite family activity was to collect in the courtyard to hear these accounts, informed by the guardian. In their courtyard, Famous greek women of all ages might relax, chat, and sew.

Diet

Most meals were liked in a courtyard near the home. Famous greek cookware was little and light and could easily be set up there. On shiny, sunshine, women of all ages probably protected under a covered region of their courtyard, as the standard Greeks thought a light appearance was a sign of attractiveness.
Food in Famous Portugal contains whole, figs, wheat to develop bread, barley, fruit, vegetables, bread, and food. Individuals in Famous Portugal also ate fruit, fish of all types, and consumed wines.Along the beaches, the land was not very rich, but the standard Greeks used techniques of cleansing and plants spinning to help remedy that problem.They kept goat’s, for take advantage of and cheese. They sometimes sought after for meat.

Education – Military Training – Sparta

The objective of exercising in the Famous greek city-states was to prepare the kid for adult actions as a person. The nature of the city-states assorted greatly, and this was also true of the exercising they thought to be appropriate. In most Famous greek city-states, when fresh, the fresh boys kept at home, helping in the areas, going, and fishing. At age 6 or 7, they went to university. Both lifestyle and exercising were very different in Sparta [militant], than in Athens [arts and culture] or in the other ancient Famous greek city-states.The objective of exercising in Sparta, an authoritarian, military city-state, was to generate soldier-citizens who were well-drilled, well-disciplined walking military. Spartans thought in a day-to-day lifetime of self-control, self-denial, and simpleness. Boys were very true to the condition of Sparta.
The fresh boys of Sparta were required to set off at the age of 7 to join sternly self-disciplined communities under the administration of a structure of authorities. From age 7 to 18, they went through an increasingly severe course of exercising.

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Spartan fresh boys were sent to military university at age 6 or 7. They resided, qualified and relaxed in their the barracks of their brotherhood. At university, they were shown success knowledge and other knowledge necessary to be an excellent enthusiast. School programs were very challenging and often painful. Although scholars were shown to go through, those knowledge were not very important to the standard Spartans.Only combat mattered. The fresh boys were not fed well, and were informed that it was fine to take foods provided that they did not get found taking. If they were found, they were usual. They went without shoes, relaxed on challenging beds, and difficult at stuff and other actions such as going, moving, javelin and discus putting, swimming, and tracking. They were suffering from demanding self-control and unpleasant actual punishment; indeed, they were shown to take pride in the amount of pain they could experience. At 18, Warrior fresh boys became military cadets and acquired the disciplines of war. At 20, they become a member of the condition militia–a standing arrange energy available for duty at some point of emergency–in which they functioned until they were 60 many a lot of age.

The typical Warrior may or may not have been able to go through. But reading, composing, materials, and the disciplines were thought to be improper for the soldier-citizen and were therefore not piece of his exercising. Music and moving were a piece of that exercising, but only because they functioned military ends.
Somewhere between the age of 18-20, Warrior men had to complete a challenging examine of health, military ability, and authority knowledge. Any Warrior male who did not complete these checkups became a perioikos. (The perioikos, or the middle-class, were granted to own property, have business purchases, but had no politics privileges and were not persons.)

If they approved, they was a full person and a Warrior enthusiast. Warrior persons were disallowed to touch income. That was the job of the middle-class. Warrior troops spent most of their existence with their other troops.They ate, relaxed, and ongoing to practice within their brotherhood barracks. Even if they were wed, they didn’t accept their wives and family members. They resided in the barracks. Military service did not end until a Warrior male arrived at the age of 60. When he was 60, a Warrior enthusiast could stop working and reside in their home with their family.Unlike the other Famous greek city-states, Sparta provided training women that went beyond the home disciplines. The women were not required to set off, but otherwise their exercising looked like that of the fresh boys. Everybody acquired to run, jump, throw the javelin and discus, and wrestle mightiest strangle a fluff. Girls also went along to university at age six or seven. They resided, relaxed and competent in their sisterhood’s barracks. No one knows if their university was as terrible or as durable as the fresh boys university, however the women were shown struggling, stuff and combat knowledge.

Some researchers believe the two universities were much the same, and that an effort was created to practice women as thoroughly as they qualified the fresh boys. In any case, the Spartans thought that powerful women of all ages would generate powerful babies.When he was 18, if a Sparta young lady approved her knowledge and health examine, she would be given a man and granted to go home. If she unsuccessful, she would lose her privileges as a person, and became a perioikos, an relate of the middle-class.In most of the other Famous greek city-states, women of all ages were required to stay within their people most of their existence. In Sparta, person women of all ages were totally able to go about, and liked a lot of independence, as their men didn’t stay in your own home.

Educations in Athens

The aim of exercising in Athens, a democratic city-state, was to generate persons qualified in the humanities of both tranquility and war.
In ancient Athens, the objective of exercising was to generate persons been qualified in the disciplines, to manage persons for tranquility and war. Other than necessitating two many a lot of military exercising that commenced at age 18, the condition left mother and dad to educate their kids as they saw fit. The universities were confidential, but the expenses was low enough so that perhaps the lowest persons could pay for to send their youngsters not less than many years. Until age six or seven, fresh boys generally were shown at home by their mom.Most Athenian women had a mainly home exercising. Probably the most extremely qualified women of all ages were the hetaerae, or courtesans, who went to special universities where they acquired to be exciting pets for the men who could pay for to keep them.

Boys went to middle university from when these were about age six or seven until they were 13 or 14. A piece of their exercising was stuff. Younger fresh boys acquired to go beautifully, do calisthenics, and enjoy ball along with other games. The older fresh boys acquired going, moving, punching, struggling, and discus and javelin putting. The fresh boys also acquired to enjoy the lyre and perform, to count, and to go through. But it was materials which was at the heart of their learning.
The national impressive songs from the Greeks – Homer’s Journey and Iliad – were a vital piece of the lifetime of the Athenian persons. The time their individuals could produce, the instructors determined paragraphs from Homer for them to take down, remember, and later act out. Teachers and individuals also discussed the successes of the Famous greek people described by Homer.The exercising of mind, body, and artistic feeling was, according to Plato, so the fresh boys. From age 6 to 14, they went to a neighborhood primary university or to a confidential university. Books were very highly-priced and unusual, so subject matter were go through out-loud, and the fresh boys desired to remember everything. To help them discover, they used composing pills and rulers.At 13 or 14, the professional exercising of the lesser fresh boys probably ended and was then apprenticeship at a trade. The wealthy fresh boys ongoing their exercising under the tutelage of philosopher-teachers.

Until about 390 BC there were no lasting universities with no professional programs for such degree. Socrates, for instance, came around Athens, avoiding here or there to carry conversations with the persons about everything regarding the conduct of person’s day-to-day life. But progressively, as classes of scholars linked themselves to one instructor or another, lasting universities were established. It was in such universities that Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle shown.The fresh boys who went to these universities dropped into more or less two communities.People who desired learning for its own cause researched with philosophers like Plato who shown such subject matter as geometry, astronomy, harmonics (the precise theory of music), and mathematics.People who desired training public day-to-day life examined with philosophers like Socrates who shown mainly oratory and unsupported claims. In democratic Athens such exercising was appropriate and necessary because energy relaxed using the men that had a chance to influence their other senators to act.

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Milas tomb, history of mylasa, mosque, mylasa

Stephanos Byzantinos writes in his Ethica that Mylasa was named after Mylasus, son of Chrysaor, the grandchild of Sisyphus and Aelos. The ancient Greeks regarded the Carians as the oldest habitants in the Aegean region, together with the Lelegs and Plasgs.

In the epics of Homeros, thStephanos Byzantinos writes in his Ethica that Mylasa was named after Mylasus, son of Chrysaor, the grandchild of Sisyphus and Aelos. The ancient Greeks regarded the Carians as the oldest habitants in the Aegean region, together with the Lelegs and Plasgs. In the epics of Homeros, the Carians and the Lelegs are mentioned as being of Asian origin, having fought in alliance with Priamos, the Trojan king.

Herodotus, the historian from Halicarnassus, mentions three novelties in the outfits of battle attires. First of all, the shields which hitherto were wrapped around the neck and the left shoulder with leather straps, were slipped to the arm to allow for freedom of movement. Secondly, the exterior of the shields was ornamented with paintings, and, thirdly, the helmets had plumes. The name Caria is derived from the plume on the helmet worn in battles. Strabon states that the root of the word Caria lies in describing a plumed helmet.

Mylasa took part in the Ionian rebellion and the Persian Wars in the fifth century B.C. In 446 B.C., following the Berymidon Battle, Mylasa joined the Attica-Delos Naval Confederacy. In 334 B.C. Alexander the Great, in his campaign in Asia, conquered south-western Anatolia, as well as Mylasa, but later gave this territory to Ada, the Carian queen. In 189 B.C. Antiochus III, the King of Syria, was defeated by the Romans and had to leave many of the Carian cities, excepting Mylasa, to Rhodians.

In 143 B.C. Mylasa was appointed by the Roman Emperor Macmilius to act as adjudicator in a dispute and thus became the seat of conventus, where the Roman governors presided the assizes. The last king of Pergamum, Attalos III, donated Mylasa to Rome in 129 B.C., and the city was reigned by Roman rulers. In Byzantine times, Mylasa was a bishopric centre. In the 13th century it was dominated by the Turks and became the administrative centre of Menteşe Gulları in 1392.

With the proclamation of the Turkish Republic, it became a township of Muğla.

GÜMÜŞKESEN MONUMENTAL TOMB

This monument is estimated to have been founded in the second century A.D. It has a rectangular grave chamber with a wall of broad-and-narrow masonry, containing four pillars supporting the floor of the upper story. The upper story is supported by an open colonnade, with a square pilaster at each corner and two partially fluted oval columns on each of the four sides.

The monument is erected on a crepis with two steps. The roof is formed of five layers of blocks, with each block placed diagonally across the angles of the one below, to form a shallow pyramid. There is a hole on the floor of the upper story, presumably to pour wine down to the deceased lying below.

GATE WITH AXE

This was built towards the end of the first century A.D. The decoration of the piers consist of a row of flutes surmounting a row of palmets. It takes its name from the double axe relief on the keystone of the arch on the outer side.

ZEUS CARIUS TEMPLE

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The temple is on a podium, 3.5 m. in height, on the hill to the west of Hisarbaşı district. It has a single column called Uzunyuva.

AQUEDUCTS

The aqueducts in two levels along the plains in the east of Mylasa are dated to the early Byzantine period. In their construction, antique architectural pieces were reused.

BUILDINGS AS SPECIMENS OF CIVILIAN ARCHITECTURE

Entrance to the Milas houses is generally through a small or large interior courtyard. The gate to the courtyard is either on the side or below the houses lining the street. The houses are in two stories with the upper rooms overhanging the street. The wooden supports of these overhangings are plain in modest houses. In buildings from the second half of the 19th century, these supports were connected with lath and plaster workmanship known as the Baghdad technique. Most of the houses face an open hall or courtyard named “önlük”. The first floor is usually for storage. The stone paved space in front called “taşlık” is below the hall.

The kitchen, toilette and stables are in a separate corner of the courtyard. Generally an antique marble stairway leads to the second story. There are also stairways with wooden steps laid on marble blocks. On the other hand, some houses are built with the influence of European architects who came to the region shortly after the proclamation of the Turkish Republic. The latter, in contrast to typical Milas houses, were built as enclosures. They are generally on two levels where there is a living room in the centre which opens to the other rooms on the sides. The kitchen and toilette in these are within the houses.

ÇÖLLÜOGLU CARAVANSERAI

It is at Hisarbaşı district, built in 1719-1720 (H.1132). It was donated in 1738 to the medresse (theological school) built near the Agha Mosque by Abdülaziz Agha. The caravanserai is in two stories and rectangular in shape. The lower floor has arches supporting the upper story, which are somewhat broken. In the construction, plenty of stone and rubbles from previous buildings were reused. The lower floor consists of open spaces to tie up animals, which is typical of the Ottoman inns. This space is supported by columns on which the porch of the upper floor is erected. The roof is covered with grooved tiles. The building reflects the original architectural pattern on a large scale.

SAMPLES OF RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE HACI ILYAS MOSQUE

The mosque was built in 1330 (H.730) in the central Hacı Ilyas district of Milas during the Menteşeoğulları regime, by Şucaaddin Orhan Beg. There is a single praying room with three sections in front for congregation. The dome and the roof are covered with grooved tiles. ULU MOSQUE It was built in 1378 (H.780) in the Hocabedreddin district. It is the largest mosque in Milas. The side walls are supported with huge pillars. A lot of the material is reused. The mosque is divided into three courtyards in the south by two rows of pillars. The first pillar on the left is octagonal while the rest are suare-shaped. The courtyards on the right and at the centre have gables and the left one has a diagonal vault. The vaults are connected to the walls by arches while the gable on the right is erected on short supports. In the middle one, in front of the praying niche, there is a dome covered with lead on the outside.

The way the vaults are tied in to the dome is a good example of transition from roofs to vaults and from vaults to domes. The roof is covered with pleated tiles.

FIRUZBEY MOSQUE

It is in the central Firuzpaşa district and was built in 1394 (H.787) by Hodja Firuz Beg. It is in reverse “T” shape and has a courtyard for congregation. There are medresse rooms in the garden. Its popular name is Kurşunlu Mosque as the dome is covered with lead. The entrance portal, the courtyard for congregation, the arches, and the space between the arches, the praying niche and the pulpit all exhibit very refined stone masonry.

Red and white stones are used at the entrance portal and above the windows. The pulpit is ornamented with decoration and prayers from the Koran, written in refined calligraphy in Arabic alphabet. On both sides there are revolving columns. The dome is decorated with chisel work.

BELEN MOSQUE

Assumed to be built in the 14th century, it is on the Hısarbaşı hill in the centre of the town. It resembles the Ulu Mosque. Two rows of three pillars each divide the three courtyards. the main entrance is from the north and there is a smaller entrance in the west. The walls are made of bricks and stone, and it has a wooden roof. The minaret was built in 1811 by Ömer Agha, son of Abdülfettah. AGHA MOSQUE It was built in 1737 in Hacıaptı district by Abdulaziz Agha.

It is rectangular in shape. With the courtyard for congregation and pleated roof, it is simple in design. The minaret was built in 1885, by order of Lady Refia, mother of Mehmet Beg, descendant of Abdulaziz Agha. The medresse, built at the same time, is no longer in existence.

THE MUSEUM OF MILAS

The Museum of Milas was originally inaugurated in 1983 by the transfer of some objects from the Underwater Archaeological Museum of Bodrum, with the approval of the Ministry, as well as by compilation of works of art unearthed in excavations in the vicinity. It was opened for public on 4 April, 1987. In the garden, marble objects found in salvage and foundation excavations and during surface researches are exhibited. In the interior exhibition hall, potteries, glassware, brass and golden objects, marble heads and busts, in chronological order, dating from the Bronze Age to the Byzantine period are presented for public view.

BEÇIN

Beçin is a medieval city situated on the slope of a plateau, rising steeply to a height of 200 meters, 5 km. to the south of Milas. It was founded during the Menteşeoğulları reign and was not a significant centre in the ancient and the Byzantine periods. However, the walls of the Beçin fortress were constructed with reused material from ruins dating back to antique ages. The wall on the right of the interior gate of the fortress is erected on the marble crepis with six steps of a temple. The name of the city is recorded as “Pezona” in medieval Italian sources, as “Barçın” in Turkish and Islamic texts and as “Peçin” in later scriptures. The present-day pronunciation is Beçin. In Evliya Çelebi’s travels during the 17th century, Bevin was a town under the jurisdiction of Milas, with 20 houses built within the fortress. There were warden and 20 guards at the fortress which was then used as a prison.

The Beçin site is comprised of a fortress over a round, steep rock on the slope of the plateau and of a settlement surrounded by a 1.5 m. thick city wall at the south of the fortress. There is a single entrance in the south to the fortress which is surrounded by steep rocky slopes on all the other three sides. The entrance is defended by a high tower and double walls which are partially demolished. Evliya Çelebi mentions a trench of 10 fathoms, which is now filled with earth, and a bridge over the trench with springs.

The hidden stairway leading to the caves in the west of the fortress is also buried underground today. The region was under Turkish jurisdiction in the second half of the 13th century. Menteşe oğulları made Milas their capital at first and then moved the government offices to Beçin which was easier to defend. Beçin remained the capital throughout the rule of Tacettin Ahmet Ghazi. Upon his death, the region was conquered by Beyazid I (the Thunderbolt) when the principal was moved to Balat (Milet). Of the city, the remains of the interior fortress facing the Milas plains, the city walls of the outer fortress and of the buildings at Kepez and Siğmen have persevered to our day.

AHMET GHAZI MEDRESSE AND GRAVE

The medresse, which was built by Ahmet Ghazi in 1375 (H.777), according to the inscription above the gate, is the best preserved building in the city. There is a courtyard, 9.10 x 12.50 m. in dimension, surrounded by ten rooms. Entrance is through the monumental gate in the south of an exedra built in Gothic style. Opposite the gate is the grave of AHMET Ghazi, covered with a high dome. The grave opens to the courtyard of the medresse by a pointed arch, recalling Gothic architecture. On the outer corners of the arch, there are two reliefs of lions holding flags. The name of Ahmet Ghazi appears on the right-hand flag.

The small, arched gate in the north opens to the exterior of the medresse. The identity of the second grave, resembling that of Ahmet Ghazi, has not yet been certified. The rooms of the medresse are covered with cradled vaults. They are dark and small.

Each room has a fireplace, with two or three cupboards. The roofs are covered with earth and made into porches. On both sides, corridors and stairways lead up to the porches. Above the large rooms both on the left and on the right, there were rooms on the second floor which are now extinct. The dome of the grave is covered with tiles. The façade of the medresse, the eastern wall, 6 meters of the western wall, the interior walls facing the courtyard, the corridors and the interior of the gates are paved with sandstones.

Half of the western wall on the north and the rooms are neither paved nor plastered. At a later date, next to the outer door of the room in the east, a small, arched fountain was constructed with two lion reliefs on the panel. The square marble in the middle of the courtyard indicates the presence of a fountain for ablution.

Labranda, Zeus, history of mylasa, zeus temple

OTHER BUILDINGS WITHIN THE CITY

The city walls, enforced with two round towers on the east and the west, surround quite a wide terrain. The second preserved building within the walls is the large Public Bath located between the fortress and the Ahmet Ghazi Mosque. Evliya Çelebi mentions having witnessed the construction of Orhan Beg Mosque, built by Ibni Batuta in the 14th century. The mosque is completely demolished, but the foundations and the marble gate are standing. Of the two square tombs to the east of this mosque, the dome of one has collapsed. Further east, there is a building in quite good shape called Kızılhan, with a cradle vault on the first floor, the upper story covered with three domes and the stairway on the outside facing west.

BUILDINGS OUTSIDE THE CITY WALLS

Outside the city walls, in the south, there is a large courtyard (Emir Havlusu) used as a market place at the time; the Karapaşa Caravanserai covered with three cradle vaults, and a smaller vaulted building which is thought to be another caravanserai. The necropolis is immediately to the east of the city walls and extends through the maquis to the Kepez district which is separated from the city by a small river called Kara Ahmet. The marble grave stones, some of which were carted to the Ahmet Ghazi Medresse, represent distinguished samples of the Turkish art of the 14th and 15th centuries. At the Kepez district, 15 minutes to the east of the city walls, there is a group of buildings. Of these, the Yelli Mosque is a small one with a single dome whose courtyard for congregation is covered with two diagonal vaults. To the west, a public bath with a collapsed roof, and, in the east, a demolished medresse resembling that of Ahmet Ghazi, and, at a little distance a marble pond, 7.75×10.30 m. in size, catch the eye.

The Beçin excavations were started by Prof. Dr. Oluş ARIK in the 1970 and since 1995 are carried out by the Directorate of the Milas Museum in collaboration with Prof. Dr. Rahmi Hüseyin ÜNAL and his team. EUROMOS Euromos is located on the Izmir highway, 10 km. from Milas, and was the most important city in the ancient times after Mylasa. The name of the city was ‘Cyramos’ or ‘Hyramos’ in the 5th century B.C. The Greek form “Euromos” meaning “strong” is likely to be adopted as the policy of Hellenization by Mausolus. From an inscription we learn that Euromus had a disagreement with its northern neighbour Heracleia, which raided the territory of Euromus and carried off sacred and private property.

A Euroman citizen who had suffered in this way applied to the authorities in Mylasa, who thereupon sent an ambassador to Herecleia to solve the dispute. Although the city is in ruins, the Temple of Zeus at Euromus is among the half dozen best preserved monuments in Asia. It is in the Corinthian order and dates from the second century A.D. It has 6 columns on architrave and 9 columns on the sides.

The three columns on the north side and the one at the south-western corner are unfluted, probably because the decoration work was left unfinished. Most of the columns facing north and west have panels with a dedicatory inscription. Five were presented by physican and magistrate Menecrates and his daughter Tryphaena, and seven by Leo Quintos, another magistrate. The large but quite demolished theatre is in a recess in the hillside a little above the plain. Five rows of seats are best preserved in the north.

The agora on the flat ground is surrounded by a stoa with some of the columns still standing. Further west there is another stoa.On one of its pillars there is a long inscription recording the financial assistance of a certain Callisthenes to the city and his alliance with Iassos. At and around the Temple of Zeus, excavation and restoration work was started by Prof. Dr. Ümit SERDAR OĞLU in the 1970s but were not continued.

LABRANDA

Labranda, which was the sanctuary for Zeus Labrandos, is 14 km. north-west of Milas. The earliest ruins are from the 6th century B.C. In 6th and 5th centuries, the sanctuary was a small, artificially levelled plain used as the terrace of the temple. In 497 a battle took place in the sanctuary and the Carian army, together with its Miletian allies, was defeated by the Persians. The 4th century B.C. is when the temple gained prominence. During the reign of Mausolus (377-352) and Idrieus (351-344) as satraps, its appearance was enhanced. In 355, during an annual sacrificial feast, Mausolus was saved from an assassination attempt at the last minute.

To celebrate his narrow escape, a number of artificial terraces, a small Doric Building, a monumental stairway and two large halls of feast (Androns), a building with a porch (Oikoi), a stoa and a colonnated Temple of Zeus were erected. Upon the death of Idrieus in 344, all the constructional work ceased. Following a great fire in the 4th century B.C., the sanctuary was no longer used as a centre of cult. From Mylasa, an 8 m. wide Sacred Way leads to the sanctuary in Labranda. The pavements of this road are still discernible. There are two entrance gates to the courtyard. The one named the Doric building is an irregular rectangle and is immediately to the east of the southern propylon.

Zeus, Zeus Temple, Milas, Mylasa, History of Mylasa, Labranda

It faces north; has four columns with a front yard and a marble façade, and is Doric in style. During the Roman period, this building was added to the bath complex. The propylon displays refined masonry and is surrounded by a wall opening to long rooms by four wide passageways. The rooms are either for storage of goods or for treasury. It is part of a large complex. This building joins another one which is higher in the east, with four square rooms and a porch used for sacred feasts. A stairway, 12 m. wide, reaches the terrace in the centre. Here the Andron of Mausolus (Andron B) stands. This is the first building constructed by the descendants of Hecatomnos. With the square cella and the wide, rectangular niche, it resembles a temple.

In this niche, the statues of Mausolos, his wife and sister Artemisia and perhaps Zeus may have been standing. The Temple of Zeus on the uppermost terrace faces east. Its first phase is dated to the 4th century B.C. In the second phase, a row of columns, 6 in front and 8 on the sides, as well as a second building behind the cella (Opisthodomos) were added to align with the dimensions of the cella. The colonnaded temple was sanctified by Idrieus. Its details and general appearance resemble the Temple of Athena in Priene, which indicates that both were built by architect Pytheos. The Andron of Idrieus (Andron A) is in the south-west of this temple.

It is the best preserved building in the settlement. The south wall is 7.9 m. high from the ground. Its plan is similar to that of the Andron of Mausolus. Within the cella, traces are visible of low, plastered stone seats which were used during the sacred feasts. In the niche on the back wall, statues of Idrieus, his sister and wife Ada and Zeus stood. Oikoi is made up of two rectangular rooms of varying sizes behind the porch with four Doric columns, between the antes.

The roof of this building is a combination of Doric and Ionian styles. It may have been used both as an archive building of the sanctuary and as offices for the priests and for sacred feasts. There is a steep climb to the north of sanctuary. On the southern slope there is a tomb, 15 m. in length above the temple. The grave chamber and the entrance are vaulted. The granite roof is in Doric style. Two hundred meters to the west of the sanctuary, there is a stadium with a supporting wall on the back. At each end, the departure and the arrival signposts in stone are still discernible.

During the five-day festivals at the sanctuary, races must have been organized at this spot. The excavations at Labranda were started in 1948 by A.W. Persson from the Uppsala University in Sweden and are still under way, presided by P. Hellström.

Temples, Asia Minor, Roman Temple of Zeus Lepsynos, history of mylasa

HERACLEIA

The antique city of Heracleia may be reached by a road branching off at Çamiçi district on the Milas-Söke highway.The city is in the Kapkırı village and is 39 km. from Milas. In the antique period the city reached out to the Latmos Bay which was an extension of the Aegean Sea. However, due to alluvions from the Meander River, the bay is the Bafa Lake today. The city is named after the famous epic hero, Heraclitos. It was called Latmos in the 8th century B.C. and was seized by the Carian satrap Mausolus, during the Persian reign. It fell into the hands of Alexander during his Asian campaign and was later dominated by Seleucos.

Being cut off from the sea in the first century B.C., Heracleia lost some of its prominence. However, due to its inaccessibility, it became a hiding place for Christian hermits. The antique city, situated on a very rough and rocky terrain, was surrounded by city walls 6.5 km. long, supported by 65 towers. The walls, made of smooth rectangular and square stones, were built during the Hellenistic period. Heracleia, based on the city plan of Hippodoamos, is a good example of gridiron patches and streets vertically cris-crossing one another.

The Temple of Athena on the bluff behind the harbour is one of the best preserved buildings on the site. It is in Antis style with two Hellenistic columns. The agora to the east of the temple is on two levels, with only the first level still standing. The shops and the inns in the agora are still discernible. The walls on the south are in good masonry. They are rectangular, surrounded by porticos. The U-shaped building on the east of the agora is the bouleterion. The north-eastern walls are quite intact. The theatre is in the north-east of the city. The walls of the stagebuilding and the seats in the first cavea are discernible. Along the road to the shore and to the island, the apsidal cella and the pronao of the Endymion sanctuary can be viewed. According to mythology, Selene, the Moon Goddess, fell in love with the handsome shepherd on the Latmos Mountain and put him to eternal sleep.

On the islands in the Bafa Lake and among the rocks on Latmos Mountain, there are various monasteries. The priests arriving from the Sina peninsula and Greece founded the first monastery here in the 7th century A.D. Thirteen monasteries have been built in this area, the most famous ones being Yediler, Stylos, Soteros, Menet Island, İkizce Islands, Kahve Asar Island. During the Byzantine period, a tower was built along the Bafa Lake to protect the monasteries. In addition to the monasteries, there are numerous caves or trial units around where the monks led their solitary lives. Those closer to the monasteries are decorated with rich frescos. The designs on the walls and the ceilings depict scenes from the life of Christ, Virgin Mary and various saintsThe surface research on the Heracleia antique city is carried out annually by German scientist Annelisa Pesclow.

IASSOS

Iassos is located on a peninsula, surrounded by sea on three sides, within the Kıyıkışlacık village, 28 km. from Milas. According to mythology, it was set up by Pelopolonnesians arriving from Argos, in the 5th century B.C. and was named after Iassos, heading the colonizers. The city’s name does not appear in the records prior to the beginning of this century. The city was originally founded or an island which, with the filling up of the isthmus, became a peninsula. The major buildings of the city are located on the peninsula. The large city walls, aqueducts, necropolis and the building called the fish market are outside the walls.

The excavations revealed that the earliest settlement in Iassos date back to the end of 3000 B.C. Once a musician visiting the city gave a recital at the theatre. During the concert, a bell rang, announcing the opening of the fish market. Everybody rose up and departed except for an old man cupping his ear with his hand. The musician approached him and said, “Thank you for appreciating me and my music; for everyone else rushed out when they heard the bell “. ” what?” shouted the old man, ” Did the bell ring ?” ” Yes, why?”. ” By your leave, sir” said the old man and ran out. Strabo relates this story to emphasize how essential the sea food was in Iassos, as the soil was barren and bore no fruit.

When Alexander besieged Miletos in 334, Iassos donated a ship to the Persian navy which came to their aid. Ten years later, in Ecbatana, an Iasian named Gorgos was the armoury commander of Alexander. Another Iasian favoured by Alexander was a boy who had the curious fortune of being loved by a dolphin. It was a tradition in Iassos to bathe in the sea after exercising at the gymnasium. A dolphin would wade ashore, carry this boy away on its back and then return him safely. Alexander, hearing of this, summoned the boy to Babylon and made him a priest to Poseidon, the Sea God. The Iasians were highly influenced by this tale and in their mints of the third century B.C., the coinage shows a boy swimming beside a dolphin, with an arm over its back. Since 1960, an Italian archaeological team has been running regular excavations at the Iassos antique city.

Numerous objects have been unearthed in the course of this work. An arched gate opens up to the agora. On all four sides of the agora are porticos built during the Roman period. The bouleterion is in the south-west of the agora. The building used by the city council is circular, with an orchestra and the rows of seats are divided into three sections with four stairways. Six vaults support the seats. At the eastern corner, there is a rectangular building, 17×13 m. in dimension, with columns in the front, which has been identified as Caesareon. The ruins unearthed within the agora date back to the middle of the Bronze Age.

The stoas around the agora were built in 130 B.C. according to inscriptions. On the vast plain in the south-western corner of the agora, there is the Temple of Artemis Astias. The theatre is on the north-eastern slope of an elevation in the centre of the city. The façade of the state building is approximately 61 m. long. The original theatre was built during the Hellenistic times and the repairs and additions made during the Roman period are discernible. The medieval tower is on the highest point in the centre of the town.

It is almost a square with walls of about 2 meters in thickness. There is also a water cistern within. The harbour is between the peninsula and the mainland, approximately 850 meters in length. The tower at the mouth of the harbour is part of the wave breakers built in medieval times. The tower facing this is demolished. A chain was stretched across these two towers to prevent entrance into the harbour of undesirable vessels. There are two city walls in Iassos, the first one protecting the city and known as the big city wall, and the other in the north-west. The second wall was for regional defence. It is approximately 3.5 km. long and made of local blocks. Its height is variable at places, at an average of 3.5 m., supported by regular columns.Tombs are everywhere in the city. The agora was used as a necropolis in the Archaic age. To the west of the Roman necropolis, on the slopes, there are rock and house tombs. The most famous tomb is the monument from the Roman period in the fish market.

In the middle of a square courtyard, surrounded by porticos, on a high podium, a Corinthian mausoleum with four columns in the front rises up. It has a wide pronaos in the front. The outside walls are decorated with triflutes and plastered antes. A step on the east leads to a shallow cella. The grave chamber is supported by low columns. A small bench for the bones and niches are carved into the rocky walls. The long portico is made up of plastered columns. The vaulted roof on the western part is still standing.

The restoration of the mausoleum in the Fish Market was started towards the end of 1993, by funds allocated by the General Directorate of Rotating Capital Operations of the Ministry of Culture, as a result of which the architectural objects and other works of art unearthed by the Italian team in Iassos were catalogued and the galleries within the mausoleum were opened to the public on 11 August, 1995, as the Fish Market Open-Air Museum. The excavations at Iassos were started in 1960 by an Italian archaeological team headed by Prof. Dr. Doro Levi, and are presently carried out by Dr. Fede Berti.

ANTIQUE SETTLEMENTS NOT YET CATALOGUED AT MILAS

Within the boundaries of the Milas town, there are numerous antique settlements which have been established and recorded but, as yet, not catalogued.

THE TEMPLE OF SINURI

There is a temple on the mountains at Yukarı KalınaGıl village, 14 km. south of Milas. It was dedicated to a Carian deity, Sinuri. As in Labranda, there is a monumental tomb near the temple, probably belonging to the family of a priest.

HYDAI

It is a small city within the DamlıboGaz village, at the foot of  Karaoğlan Mountain. The name of the city is derived from the Greek word “Hydro”, meaning water. There is a little information about the history of Heyday. On a coin from the 2nd century B.C., a bearded river deity, representing the Sark Stream, is depicted, leaning against a pitcher, holding a reed in his hand, with three fish floating in the water flowing from the pitcher.

ARGYLE

Argyle is on top of a hill with double summits, at the eastern tip of the peninsula on the narrow and deep bay of the Gollum harbour. According to the epic related in Byzantines by Stephanos, Argyle was founded by the Greek mythological hero, Bellerophon. When his famous winged-horse Pegasus kicked and killed Bargylos, the hero named the city Bargylia to commemorate his friend. The hero of this epic are depicted on the coins minted here during the first century B.C., with Pegasus in flight and Bellerophon riding him.

HYDISOS

The city is on the hill with double summits, covered with pine trees, at Karacahisar village, 29 km. south of Milas. The principal deity of the city, Zeus Areios, the War God, is illustrated on the coins as a bust with a beard and a helmet, or standing, armed to the teeth.

CERAMOS

The city is located within the Ören district, 45 km. south of Milas. The deity of Ceramos was a youngster holding a double-faced axe in his hand. On the coins, he is presented standing half naked. In some coins of the Roman Empire, he is depicted with Zeus Chrysaoreus of neighbouring cities of Stratoniceia and Coinon Chrysaoris . The Arceological Museum of Marmaris is located at the Fortress. Therefore, in connection with the museum, the history of the fortress must take precedence.

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