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Titans and myths of Ancient Greece

6:46 am 12/01/10

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Hesiod claimed, the word Titan means “Strainer”, because they strained and performed some presumptuous, fearful deed and the vengeance would come after it. Where the Olympians lived in Olympus, the home of the Titans was Othrys, their stronghold.

The exact number of the Titans varied from author to author, and they often included some of the children of the Titans. So there are at least two generations of Titans can be considered.

For a generation, the Titans shared the world and created mankind, with Cronus as their leader. Although a number of the male Titans were imprisoned in Tartarus, when they chose to fight a war against the younger gods, known as the Olympians.

According to the Orphic myth, Zeus destroyed the Titans with his thunderbolts, because the Titans had murdered and devoured his son Zagreus (Dionysus). From the smouldering ashes, mankind were created.

Much of what we know about the Titans is because of Hesiods’ Theogony.

The twelve Titans were the children of Uranus and Gaea.

There were 12 Uranides, six sons and six daughters:

Cronus - God of Eternal Time and King of the Titans, until overthrown by his own son Zeus.

(Okeanos) Oceanus – God of the fresh water rivers that bound the earth; including wells, springs, river and rain. Husband of Tethys, a nurse that claimed to have distributed the water to the earth. The Oldest of the twelve Titans

Iapetus – Son of Uranus and Gaea. He married the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. Iapetus was the father of the Titans, Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus and Epimetheus. Some say that Iapetus married his own sister Themis, and became the father of Prometheus

Hyperion – God of the Sun, sometimes referred to as ‘Helios Hyperion’ Sun High one.

Crius - Married his half-sister Eurybia, daughter of Gaea and Pontus, and became father of Perses, Pallas and Astraeus.

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Coeus - God of intellect. He married his sister Phoebe, became the father of Leto and Asteria.

Rhea – Titaness and earth-goddess. According to Diodorus Siculus, Rhea was also known as Pandora. She married her brother, Cronus and was the mother of Olympians: Hestia, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, Hera and Zeus. When it was prophesied that her children would overthrow her brother/husband, Cronus, he took steps to prevent it.

Tethys - Titaness of the sea. She married her brother, Oceanus. She became the mother of all the river gods. She is said to have bore three thousand daughters, known as the Oceanids. The eldest daughter being Styx, who was the only female river goddess; while Amphitrite, who married Poseidon, and Doris, who married Nereus, became sea goddesses.

Theia - Titaness of sorcery. She was sometimes called, EuryphaEssa (Eurtphaessa). Theia was the goddess of light. She married her brother Hyperion, and was the mother of Eos (“Dawn”), Helius (“Sun”), and Selene (“Moon”). By her other brother Oceanus, she was mother of the Cercopes.

Phoebe – Titaness of the Moon, married her brother Coeus (Coeus). Phoebe became the mother of Leto and Asteria, so Phoebe was the grandmother of Apollo, Artemis and Hecate.

 

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Themis – Titaness of justice and Earth-goddess. Later she became known as the goddess of order and justice. Themis was the second wife of Zeus. Themis became the mother of many children, including the Seasons (Horae) – Eunomia (“Order”), Dike (“Justice”) and Eirene (“Peace”) – and the Fates (Moerae).

Mnemosyne - Titaness of memory. Mnemosyne (“Memory”) was the daughter of Uranus and Gaea. She was the abstract personification of memory. In Roman myths, she was called Moneta.

By Zeus, she was the mother of nine daughters, known as the Muses. Zeus had slept with Mnemosyne for nine nights, and one year later, she gave birth to the nine wondrous daughters. Mnemosyne had named them as Cleio, Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene, Terpischore, Erato, Polyhymnia, Urania and Calliope being her eldest daughter.

Dione – An obscure goddess, as it was not certain whether she was either Titaness or Oceanid. Most commonly thought to be the goddess of the sea. She was also known as Thalassa, who was a sea deity. Thalassa was also beleived to the wife of the ancient sea god, Pontus.

Second Generation Titans ( Iapetionides )

Atlas - Atlas was the son of the Titan Iapetus by the Oceanid Clymene or Asia. Brother of Menoetius, Prometheus and Epimetheus. When his brother, Prometheus tried to persuade him not to go to war against the Olympians, he did not listen. Zeus punished Atlas, by making the Titan carry the weight of the sky upon his shoulders.

Prometheus – Titan of forethought. Son of the Titan Iapetus and by Iapetus’ sister Themis or by Clymene or Asia. Both were Oceanids. Prometheus was the brother of Atlas, Menoetius and Epimetheus.

Prometheus married Pronoea and was the father of Deucalion. During the war between the Titans and Olympians, Prometheus sided with Zeus, knowing that the war would end with the younger gods winning the war.

Prometheus unsuccessfully tried to persuade his father Iapetus and his brother Atlas to change side. Iapetus was thrown into Tartarus, while Atlas would be forever burdened with the weight of heaven on his shoulder.

Epimetheus – Titan of afterthought. Epimetheus ( Afterthought ) was the son of the Titan Iapetus by the Oceanid Clymene or Asia. Brother of Prometheus, Menoetius and Atlas. Epimetheus married the first mortal woman Pandora and was the father of Pyrrha.

Menoetius: Son of Iapetus and Oceanid Clymene or Asia.Brother of Atlas, Prometheus and Epimetheus.

Titanes titans, Titans and myths of Ancient Greece

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According to mythological legends of the history of the creation of the world starts from four categories in the whole world, which have names: matter, energy, space, time. That is, Gaia (matter) was one of four initial possibilities also Chaos, Tartarus, Eros are.

As an initial potential Gaia means the presence of the structure, chaos means an absence of structure, the Tatars means destruction, Eros means structuring. These are the basic principles of a world that is incorporated into the framework of Gaia and have formed a formal question at the same time can be chaotic, and is also capable of creating or able to be collapsed. This is the initial list of possibilities have formed a cross raw material shown in the figure:

The Gaia has connected four initial potential and trained Uranus (energy), and with the help of Uranus has formed six male Titans: Oceanus, Coeus, I breed, Hyperion, Iapetus, Cronus and the titans of six women:

Tethys Phoebe, Mnemosyne, Theia, Themis, Rea, who have made a world of material and energy, shown in the figure below. That is, men and women have formed the structure titans of the world, and essentially formed a circle that symbolizes the astrological structure of the world, but on condition that the astrological circle corresponds to the zodiacal constellations (zodiac signs) and mythological essence the Titans, but others also correspond to the zodiacal constellations.

parities of the Titans shows signs of the zodiac are presumed but are based on mythological sources, ie, characters from Greek mythology correlate with the characters of the zodiac signs, which are known in modern astrology. Zodiac signs are of Egyptian origin, but are comparable to the characters of Greek mythology as ancient Egypt and ancient Greece are between cultures.

The arrows in the figure shows the marital relationships of the Titans. The symbols of the planets near the names of the astrological planets Titans specify operating or if the astrological signs of the zodiac.

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Greek Gods and Goddesses

6:00 pm 07/21/11
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The Greek Gods and Goddesses of the ancient times were also referred to as the twelve gods of Olympus also, the religion based on their worship was called Dodekatheon. The Greek religion wanted the main gods in the Greek pantheon residing on top of Mount Olympus.

Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter and Hestia are the 12 Olympians. Heracles, Hebe, Helios, Hades, Dionysus, and Persephone are some other important gods, goddesses, and in Heracles’ case, heroes. Persephone used to live in the underworld for three months of the year (causing the barren landscape of winter) and was allowed to return to Mount Olympus for that other nine months to become with her mother, Demeter. During this time she would be in woe and not with the other Olympian Gods. Hades was one of the principal Greek gods but his home was in the underworld of the dead and that made his connection to the Olympians more tenuous.

The Twelve Olympians gained their supremacy in the world of gods after Zeus led his siblings to victory in war with the Titans. Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Hestia and Hades were siblings while all the other gods from the Dodekatheon are usually considered the children of Zeus by various mothers, except for Athena, who in some versions of the myth was born of Zeus alone and Aphrodite who was formed from the castrated phallus of the primordial Sky which Cronos threw into the sea when he freed the Titans. Additionally, some versions of the myth state that Hephaestus was created of Hera alone as Hera’s revenge for Zeus’ solo birth of Athena.

As the ancient greek language poet Isiodos is narrating the beginning of everything was Chaos from which came the Earth, the Night and Erebus, the deep darkness which characterizes the depth of the Earth and the Oceans. The Earth gave birth to the Sky because she didn’t want to be left alone so he stood above her. The Earth was the woman and the Sky was the man and from this couple many children were born. Pontos and the Ocean were the first having been born and while the ancient Greeks thought of the ocean as a big river circling the earth, Pontos symbolized the sea. Other children of our planet and Sky were the Sun, Iapetos, Rea, Themis, Mnimosini and the Cyclopes. The first Cyclops was named Vronti, thunder, and the others were Steropis and Argis. They were both huge with only one eye on the forehead, fierce in appearance and incredibly powerful.

Three monsters were also born from Earth and Sky, the Ekatocheires, meaning creatures who had a hundred arms each and fifty heads. They were very powerful and gigantic and their names were Kottos, Vriareos and Giis.

The last son of the earth was Kronos. The Sky named his children Titans and he was a cruel and heartless father and since he was afraid that one of his sons would take his place he imprisoned one by one in a place called Tartara, meaning inside the depths of the earth where there was only darkness. When he finished with the imprisonment of every child he was rest assured that no one would take his place. He didn’t pay attention to the Earth who was suffering for the fate of her children caused by their father and had started hating the Sky simultaneously that she decided to revenge in order to free her children.

Then, she delivered a grey metal that’s unknown right at that moment and with that she developed a huge reaping hook and shared with her children when they thought about being free they should hit their father utilizing this type of weapon. The only one who wasn’t afraid to do it was Kronos, the tiniest child. Once the night covered the world additionally, the Sky dropped to hug her Kronos hit him hard. An integral part of his father’s body was cut and from then on he never attempted to get down to earth again and Kronos became the ruler.

The cut part of Sky’s body fell while in the sea near the island of Kithira, the blood became white sea froth and covered it and then the waves led it far-off near Cyprus. From the sea froth covering the portion of the Sky the most amazing woman of all made her appearance, the goddess named Aphrodite.

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