A myth is a story involving supernatural elements- that conveys a moral idea, explains a natural phenomenon, or unravels the mysteries of the past. The ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome left behind A tradition of myth that represents their ideas about religion, history, and the world. Two millennia later, we have inherited these myths in the form of art and literature. The characters and myths summarized in this chart can be found richly rendered on ancient vases and statues and in the works of the following poets, playwrights, historians, and philosophers.
Homer the name traditionally attributed to the renowned author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two great epics of Greek antiquity. Nothing is known about Homer as an individual. In fact, the question of whether a person can be responsible for the creation of the two epics is still controversial. However, linguistic and historical data suggests that the poems were composed in the Greek colonies on the west coast of Asia Minor during the ninth century BC.
Electra was the daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, the king and queen of Mycenae. When Elektra’s father came home from the Trojan War, his mother, Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus killed. They also killed Cassandra, a concubine of Agamemnon and the Trojan War.
Antigone in ancient Greece, Antigone is mostly linked to the myth that told of ancient greek playwright Sophocles, although it refers to different Antigone in the ancient greek world. Antigone was the daughter of the king of Thebes, Oedipus and Jocasta. It tells the story, Oedipus, the son of Laius and Jocasta killed his father Laius and became king of Thebes. Oedipus unknowingly married his mother Jocasta and had children with her.
Jason is a history of ancient Greek myth, a story that is passed from generation to generation. About a hero who went on a journey in search of the Golden Fleece so that he could help his father regain his kingdom of King Pelias. Aeson Jason’s father was king of Lolcus Alcimed and mother. Aeson half brother Pelias was eager for the throne of Lolcus while in battle, took the power Aeson and became king. Aeson Pelias and shared a common mother, Tyro. She was the daughter of Salmoneus and the sea god Poseidon. Pelias, to ensure that no family could challenge Aeson killed his family. Alcimed but saved her baby, Jason. To avoid your baby Alcimed said Chiron, who became his guardian.
Chaos – in an ancient Greek myth of creation, the dark, silent abyss from which all things were made. According to the Theogony of Hesiod, Chaos generated the solid Earth, from which emerged starry, cloud filled the sky. Mother Earth and Father Sky, embodied respectively Gaea and Uranus his descendants were the Titans parents. In a later theory, Chaos is the formless matter from which the cosmos, or harmonious order, was created.
Gaea – She was the mother and wife of Father Heaven, Uranus. They were the parents of the creatures first, the Titans, the Cyclopes and the Giants – Hecatonchires (Hundred – headers). Uranus hated the monsters, and even if they were his children, locked them in a secret location on the ground. Gaea was enraged at this favoritism and persuaded their son Cronos to overthrow his father. The castrated Uranus, and his blood Gaea gave birth to the Giants, and the three avenging goddesses the Erinyes. Their children more and more terrible was Typhon, a monster of 100 head, which, though defeated by the god Zeus, was believed to Etna volcano spewing lava.
Tartarus - The lowest region of the underworld. Hesiod claimed that a brazen anvil would take several days and nights to fall from heaven to earth, and nine days and nights to fall from earth to Tartarus. Tartarus rose out of chaos and has been the destination of wicked souls. Uranus banished his children and Cyclops Hecatonchires in Tartarus, as Zeus also did to the Titans. Other famous inhabitants of Tartarus include Sisyphus, Ixion, Tantalus, Salmoneus, Tityus, Ophion and daughters of Danaus.
Eros – The god of love. It was considered a handsome and intense, attended by Pothos (“longing”) or Himeros (“desire”). Later mythology made him the constant agent of his mother, Aphrodite, goddess of love.
Erebus – Personification of the darkness of the underworld and the children of Chaos. . In later myth, Erebus is the dark region beneath the earth through the shadows that must go to Hades below. It is often used metaphorically for Hades itself.
Uranus – Gaea – The personification of the sky, the sky god and husband of Gaia, the goddess land. . Their children are Hecatonchires, Cyclops and the Titans.
Hecatonchires – Three son of Uranus and Gaia. There were three of them: Briareus also called Aegaeon, Cottus and Gyges also called Gyges. They were gigantic and had fifty heads and one hundred arms each of great strength. They had 100 hands and helped Zeus in his war against the Titans.
Cronus – Rhea – Cronus was a ruler of the universe during the Golden Age. It was one of the 12 Titans and the youngest son of Uranus and Gaia, Cronus and his sister-queen, Rhea, became the parents of 6 of the 12 gods and goddesses known as the Olympians. Cronus had been warned that he would be overthrown by one of his own children. To avoid this, he swallowed his first five children when they were born. Rhea did not like it. She substituted a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes for their sixth child, Zeus. It was hidden in Crete, and as he grew older, he returned and forced Cronos to return all the other children who grew up within him. Zeus and his brothers and sisters have waged war against Cronos and the Titans. Zeus won, and the Titans were imprisoned in Tartarus, a cave in the deepest part of the underworld.
Coeus – Phoebe – Coeus was a titan of Intelligence, the father of Leto, husband of Phoebe
Oceanus – Tethys – the personification of the vast ocean. With his wife Tethys, they produced the rivers and six thousand children Oceanides called. He ruled over the ocean, a great river encircling the earth, which we thought was a flat circle. The nymphs of this great river, Oceanides, their daughters, and the gods of all the rivers on earth were their son.
Hestia – Virgin goddess of hearth. It was symbolic of the house around which a newborn was carried out before being received into the family. Even if it appears in very few myths, most cities have a common home where her sacred fire burned.
Hades – He was the lord of the underworld, ruler of the dead. He is a greedy god is very concerned about increasing his subjects. Those whose calling increase the number of dead were seen favorably by him. He was also the god of wealth because of the precious metals mined from the earth. His wife was Persephone that Hades abducted. The underworld itself was often called Hades. It was divided into two regions: Erebus, where the dead once they die, and Tartarus, the deeper region where the Titans were imprisoned. It was a dark and miserable, inhabited by vague forms and shadows and guarded by Cerberus, the three heads of families, dog dragon’s tail. Sinister rivers separated the underworld from the world and the old ferryman Charon transported the souls of the dead in these waters.
Poseidon – god of the sea. Trident is a weapon that could shake the earth and destroy any object. He was second only to Zeus in power amongst the gods. Beneath the ocean, was a brilliant golden palace. Poseidon was the husband of a Nereid Amphitrite, with whom he had a son, Triton. Poseidon had numerous other love stories. At one point, he wanted to Demeter. You can put it to Demeter asked him to make the animal more beautiful than the world had ever seen. To impress her, Poseidon created the first horse. In some accounts his first attempts were unsucessful and created a number of other animals in his research. At a time when the horse was created his passion for Demeter had cooled.
Zeus – Hera – The god of heaven and ruler of the Olympian gods. He displaced his father and became chief of the gods of Olympus. Zeus was considered the father of gods and mortals. That does not create gods or death, he was her father in the sense of being the protector and ruler both of the Olympic family and the human race. His weapon was a thunderbolt. His breastplate was the aegis, his bird the eagle, his tree the oak. He was married to Hera, but is famous for his many affairs, which led to many kids know and probably many more that are not known to be. Athena was his favorite child. He wore only his head. One of the biggest festivals of Zeus was the Olympics. They were held in Olympia every four years. Even if there was a war between the city states of Greece were to stop the war to take part in this game.
Hera’s marriage was founded in conflict with Zeus and continued in the war. Writers represented Hera as always jealous of Zeus’s many lovers. It punishes rivals and their children, among both goddesses and mortals, with implacable fury. The peacock (symbol of pride, a carriage pulled by peacocks) and cow (which was also known as Bopis, which means “cow-eyed”, which was later translated as “with big eyes” were her sacred animals . Her favorite city is Argos.
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